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Chemical equation  — Research Starter

A chemical equation is a symbolic representation that illustrates how substances react chemically to form new materials. Much like mathematical equations, they require balance between reactants (the…

Chemical elements  — Research Starter

Chemical elements are the fundamental substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances through chemical means. Each element consists of a unique type of atom defined by its atomic number,…

Chemical compound  — Research Starter

A chemical compound is a substance formed when two or more elements are chemically bonded together. Elements are the simplest forms of matter, consisting of only one type of atom and cannot be broken…

Celsius and Kelvin scales  — Research Starter

The Celsius and Kelvin scales are widely used temperature scales that serve different purposes in everyday life and scientific applications. The Celsius scale, established by Swedish astronomer Anders…

Cell membrane  — Research Starter

A cell membrane, also known as a plasma membrane or plasmalemma, is a crucial structure that surrounds all living cells, serving as a protective barrier and organizational framework. It is primarily…

Cavalieri's principle  — Research Starter

Cavalieri's principle, developed by the seventeenth-century mathematician Bonaventura Cavalieri, is a fundamental concept in geometry that provides a method for comparing the volumes of…

Boiling points  — Research Starter

The boiling point is the specific temperature at which a liquid transitions to gas, occurring when its vapor pressure matches the external atmospheric pressure. This process, known as vaporization, is…

Biomass  — Research Starter

Biomass refers to organic material derived from plants and animals, which can be utilized as a renewable energy source known as biofuel. Historically, wood has been the most commonly used biofuel, but…

Bernoulli’s principle  — Research Starter

Bernoulli’s principle is a fundamental concept in fluid dynamics that describes the relationship between a fluid's pressure and its velocity. According to this principle, when the speed of a fluid…