Regulation of seed dormancy by histone post-translational modifications in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.

This article focuses on the epigenetic regulation of seed dormancy, particularly the role of histone modifications such as acetylation and methylation, in seed plants with Arabidopsis thaliana as a primary model. It highlights how maternal epigenetic marks established in the endosperm influence progeny seed dormancy and how key dormancy-associated genes, including DELAY OF GERMINATION1 (DOG1) and abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis genes, are regulated by chromatin remodeling and histone-modifying enzymes. The review also discusses the dynamic interplay between histone acetyltransferases, deacetylases, methyltransferases, and demethylases in controlling dormancy establishment, maintenance, and release, emphasizing the integration of environmental cues. Additionally, it notes emerging evidence for similar epigenetic mechanisms in crop species, underscoring their potential for breeding climate-resilient plants and improving agricultural outcomes.