Neuroanatomy of the Cutaneous Nervous System Regarding Wound Healing.

The article focuses on the role of the cutaneous nervous system in wound healing, emphasizing the complex interactions between the nervous, immune, circulatory, endocrine, and integumentary systems in repairing skin injuries. It outlines the normal neuroanatomy of the skin, including sensory fibers (Aβ, Aδ, and C fibers) and autonomic efferent fibers, and highlights key neuropeptides such as acetylcholine (Ach), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), nerve growth factor (NGF), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) that mediate communication among keratinocytes, neurons, immune cells, and other skin components during healing. The article also discusses how nerve injury and dysfunction can impair wound repair, the processes of nerve regeneration and collateral sprouting, and the emerging understanding of keratinocytes' role in sensory detection and modulation of neuroinflammation. This overview is intended to inform dermatologic surgeons and researchers about the neurobiological factors influencing cutaneous wound healing.