Silicon reduces lead accumulation in Moso bamboo via immobilization and suppression of metal cation transporter genes in roots.

This article investigates how silicon (Si) reduces lead (Pb) accumulation and toxicity in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), a species economically important in China and vulnerable to heavy metal pollution. The study found that Si application does not significantly alleviate Pb-induced inhibition of root growth but effectively reduces Pb accumulation, particularly in shoots, by two main mechanisms: immobilizing Pb in the hemicellulose fractions of the root cell wall and downregulating genes related to metal cation transporters involved in Pb uptake and translocation. Transcriptome analysis revealed that Si treatment upregulates ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes potentially involved in Pb detoxification while suppressing multiple metal transporter genes, suggesting a combined physiological and molecular response. These findings highlight the dual role of Si in both physically restricting Pb within root cell walls and modulating gene expression to mitigate Pb stress in Moso bamboo.