Optimization of strength properties of bamboo mesoparticles reinforced polyamide 6 using Box–Behnken approach.

This article focuses on optimizing the mechanical properties of bamboo mesoparticle-reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6) composites using response surface methodology (RSM) based on the Box–Behnken design (BBD). The study investigates the effects of three independent variables—fiber size, fiber loading, and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration—on tensile and flexural strengths. Results indicate that the optimal tensile strength (approximately 50 MPa) is achieved at 18 wt.% fiber loading, 2 wt.% NaOH concentration, and 1 µm fiber size, while the optimal flexural strength occurs at 13 wt.% fiber loading, 2 wt.% NaOH, and 0.46 µm fiber size. Statistical analysis via analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed the significance of these factors, and the developed quadratic models showed strong agreement with experimental data (R² > 0.93), demonstrating that BBD is an effective and economical approach for optimizing natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites.