Exosome-Mediated Alveolar Ridge Augmentation: A First Human Case Report with Histology.

This article reports the first documented clinical use of exosomes—specifically Periosomes, derived from placental tissues—in human alveolar ridge augmentation for dental implant placement. A 65-year-old patient with a narrow mandibular ridge underwent horizontal ridge augmentation using a combination of bone allografts, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), and exosome-enriched sticky bone, followed by implant placement at three months. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans over six months demonstrated progressive bone growth, and histologic analysis of a biopsy revealed dense, organized lamellar bone formation without inflammation. While the study highlights the promising regenerative potential of exosomes in guided bone regeneration (GBR), it acknowledges limitations including the combined use of materials and lack of control sites, emphasizing the need for further controlled clinical trials to isolate and compare exosome effects in regenerative dentistry.