Revealing the dynamics of magnetosphere, atmosphere, and interior of solar system objects with the Square Kilometre Array.

This article reviews low-frequency (≲10 GHz) radio emissions from solar system bodies—planets, moons, and asteroids—focusing on their diagnostic value for magnetospheres, atmospheres, surfaces, and interiors. It highlights non-thermal auroral radio emissions generated by cyclotron maser instability, driven by energy sources such as the Hill current system, Io–Jupiter current system, and solar wind, with recent insights from Juno revealing dominant Alfvénic electron acceleration processes at Jupiter. The article discusses synchrotron radiation from planetary radiation belts, especially Jupiter's, as a probe of electron acceleration mechanisms including betatron acceleration and wave–particle interactions. Thermal radio emissions from giant planet atmospheres and Venus's lower atmosphere are examined for their potential to reveal deep atmospheric structure and dynamics, including Venusian super-rotation. Finally, thermal emissions from icy bodies, such as Europa's water plumes, are considered as indicators of geological and oceanic activity. The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) observatory's enhanced sensitivity and resolution are emphasized as critical for advancing these studies and extending them to exoplanetary systems.