Redefining food safety: the confluence of Web 3.0 and AI technologies in the meat supply chain—a systematic review.

This article systematically reviews the impact of Web 3.0 technologies—including blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and smart imaging systems—on food safety, quality, and traceability within the meat supply chain. The review, following PRISMA methodology, highlights that these technologies are predominantly applied in inspection, quality assessment, and distribution stages, enhancing transparency, traceability, and consumer confidence from farm to fork. While promising improvements in efficiency, accuracy, and animal welfare monitoring are noted, the study identifies gaps in research on pre-processing, packaging, and processing steps, as well as challenges related to implementation costs, data privacy, and technological integration. The authors recommend further original research to evaluate these technologies' effectiveness across the entire meat supply chain to ensure safe, authentic meat products and reduce foodborne illnesses and recalls.