Optimization study on neutron/γ radiation–protective clothing materials with computational human phantoms.

This article focuses on the design and evaluation of novel ethylene–propylene diene monomer (EPDM)-based composite materials doped with gadolinium oxide (Gd₂O₃), boron carbide (B₄C), and tungsten (W) for neutron and gamma (γ) radiation shielding. Using the Chinese reference adult male (CRAM) voxel model and Monte Carlo simulations, the study assessed 20 material compositions at thicknesses of 1, 3, and 5 mm, finding that 5 mm thickness offers optimal protection. Effective dose reductions against a ^252Cf neutron source ranged from 32.60% to 38.75%, and up to 69.42% for a monoenergetic 1-keV neutron source, while gamma shielding from ^137Cs showed reductions between 7.96% and 20.97%. The research highlights that moderate amounts of gadolinium enhance shielding effectiveness, but excessive amounts can reduce performance, and that full-body protection is necessary to prevent dose increases in organs partially outside the shielding due to neutron scattering. These findings provide data to support the development of integrated, flexible neutron/γ radiation-protective clothing.