Comparative Chemometric Manipulations of UV-Spectrophotometric Data for the Efficient Resolution and Determination of Overlapping Signals of Cyclizine and Its Impurities in Its Pharmaceutical Preparations.

This article focuses on the development and comparison of three chemometric calibration methods—principal component regression (PCR), partial least squares (PLS), and synergy interval partial least squares (siPLS)—for the simultaneous determination of cyclizine (CYZ), an antiemetic drug, and its two pharmacopeial toxic impurities, 1-methylpiperazine (MPZ) and diphenylmethanol (DPM), in pharmaceutical preparations using UV-spectrophotometric data. The study demonstrates that siPLS outperforms PCR and PLS in resolving overlapping spectral signals, achieving lower prediction errors and fewer latent variables. The proposed green, rapid, and cost-effective spectrophotometric methods were validated with internal and external sets, successfully applied to commercial CYZ parenteral formulations, and showed comparable accuracy and precision to a reported chromatographic method. Additionally, the greenness profiles of these methods were assessed using multiple tools, confirming their environmental advantages over existing chromatographic techniques.