Synthesis of Hemidesmus indicus-Mediated Biogenic Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles for Potential Applications in Dental Adhesive.

Dental adhesive materials play a crucial role in modern dentistry, enabling the bonding of restorative materials to tooth structures. However, concerns about conventional adhesive agents' potential toxicities and adverse effects have been raised. This has sparked interest in exploring alternative and environmentally friendly materials for dental applications. Hemidesmus indicus commonly known as Indian sarsaparilla, used historically in Ayurvedic medicine, has gained attention in nanotechnology for functionalizing nanoparticles. The primary objective of this study is to develop biogenic titanium oxide nanoparticles (H-TiO2NPs) using Hemidesmus indicus as a natural reducing agent and further coated with curcumin, specifically for dental adhesive material applications. The nanoparticles were prepared using the green synthesis method and characterized by various techniques. The biocompatibility and bioactivity of the nanoparticles were assessed using multiple assays. The nanoparticles synthesized using root extract and capped with curcumin showed maximum absorbance at 302 nm and 498 nm in the UV spectra. The presence of characteristic peaks of curcumin in the fingerprint region of FTIR spectra reveals the capping of curcumin on TiO2 NPs. The monoclinic structure of the nanoparticles was displayed in the XRD pattern. The SEM micrograph of uncoated and coated TiO2 NPs exhibits spherical morphology with a size range of around 100-140 nm. Further, the EDAX of HCTN showed the elemental composition of 43.7% oxygen, 33.4% carbon and 22.8% Titanium. The biocompatibility studies of HCTN towards peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and erythrocytes have proved its nontoxic properties. In vitro,bioactivity studies revealed that HCTN exhibited significant antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity, as evidenced by the inhibition of protein denaturation. The demonstrated bioactivities make them potential candidates for dental adhesive material applications. The results highlighted the potential of HCTN as a promising alternative for dental adhesive materials, offering anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. This study contributes to exploring eco-friendly and biocompatible materials for use in adhesive dentistry. However, further in-depth analysis is necessary to fully understand their efficacy, safety and long-term performance in dental applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]