Using ultra-performance liquid chromatography with linear ion trap-electrostatic field orbitrap mass spectrometry, network pharmacology, and molecular docking to explore the constituent targets and action mechanisms of decoction of Angelica sinensis, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, and Mutton in the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome

This article investigates the constituent targets and mechanisms of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction of Angelica sinensis, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, and Mutton (DAZM) in treating diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Using ultra-performance liquid chromatography with linear ion trap-electrostatic field orbitrap mass spectrometry, network pharmacology, and molecular docking, the study identified eight core active ingredients—including Zingiberone, Shyobunone, Palmitic acid, and β-Sitosterol—that interact with eight potential core targets such as AKT1 (threonine kinase 1), TNF (tumor necrosis factor), and IL-6 (interleukin 6). These interactions are proposed to modulate multiple signaling pathways, including the Advanced Glycation End Products-Receptor (AGE-RAGE), cAMP, MAPK, and IL-17 pathways, thereby inhibiting pro-inflammatory factors, enhancing intestinal mucosal barrier function, and regulating intestinal motility. The findings suggest that DAZM's therapeutic effects on IBS-D involve a multi-ingredient, multi-target, and multi-pathway mechanism, supporting its use as a medicinal diet therapy suitable for long-term management of this chronic condition.