Therapeutic Role of Platelet-rich Plasma in Enhancing Ovarian Reserve: A Regenerative Approach in Female Infertility.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has become a new treatment option in the field of female infertility treatment, especially with regard to the treatment of women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), and poor ovarian response. The relationship between the ovarian reserve and reproductive potential is vital, and the natural or early loss of ovarian reserve causes premature infertility and a low response to the assisted reproductive techniques. The conventional therapies fail to treat the underlying loss of ovarian function. Plateletrich plasma [autologous growth factor-enriched concentrate including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-ß), and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)] has been demonstrated to be potentially able to activate the follicle, vascularize ovaries better, and renew the microenvironment of the ovaries. This can be administered through intraovarian injection as an ultrasound-guided process that can trigger the recruitment of dormant follicles, hormonal balance, and improvement in regularity of menstruation. Clinical experiences have found that anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, antral follicle count (AFC), and oocyte retrieval are improved, especially in women with low ovarian reserve, in the case of in vitro fertilization (IVF). The results are different in different people, but the evidence of higher fertility potential has been observed in many cases, and in some cases, spontaneous pregnancy has been reported. Platelet-rich plasma is safe, biocompatible, and less invasive, and thus it presents an attractive option to more invasive or donor-based solutions. It is a repeatable process and has low risk as it has an autologous origin. Nevertheless, although promising, additional standardized PRP preparation procedures and adequately designed controlled trials are still needed to ascertain its long-term efficacy, as well as to determine the best patient selection criteria. Overall, PRP therapy is a potentially fruitful development in the field of reproductive medicine and a new hope to provide individuals with few options in fertility with regenerative, non-pharmacological treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]