An immersive virtual reality learning system for building systems in architectural design education.

This article focuses on the development and evaluation of a virtual reality-based building systems-learning (VR-BSL) system designed to enhance architectural students' understanding of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) systems integration within architectural design. By combining building information modeling (BIM) with immersive VR technology, the VR-BSL prototype allows users to interactively explore detailed 3D models of building systems, improving spatial comprehension, motivation, and engagement compared to traditional 2D or 3D learning methods. Experimental results involving architecture students and lecturers demonstrated that VR-BSL significantly improved learners' ability to identify system components, understand spatial requirements, and retain technical knowledge, while providing an intuitive user interface and realistic immersive experience. The study suggests that VR technology can transform architectural pedagogy by bridging disciplinary gaps and recommends future enhancements such as expanded system types, higher model detail, and multimedia integration to further support building systems education.