A review of ergonomics and technological advancements in safety boots for the construction industry.

This article systematically reviews the influence of product design, ergonomics, and advanced technologies—including artificial intelligence (AI) and sensors—on the development of safety boots for construction workers. It highlights that factors such as materials, boot weight, shaft height, sole flexibility, and foot morphology significantly affect comfort, durability, and injury prevention, with ergonomic designs reducing musculoskeletal disorders. The integration of AI, Internet of Things (IoT), biometric and environmental sensors, and generative design tools offers promising enhancements in customization, real-time health monitoring, and hazard alerts, although practical applications remain limited and require further research. The study emphasizes the potential of smart, lightweight, and ergonomically optimized safety boots to improve worker safety and productivity, while also noting gaps in current research on material innovations, shaft design, and technology implementation in real-world construction settings.