mRNA expression of vitamin D receptor, calcium-sensing receptor, cyclin D1, and PTH in symptomatic and asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism.

This study investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying the phenotypic differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in Asian Indian patients. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), the researchers compared mRNA expression levels of vitamin D receptor (VDR), calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), cyclin D1 (CD1), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in parathyroid adenomas from 42 PHPT patients and normal controls. Results showed that symptomatic PHPT patients exhibited significantly higher CD1 mRNA expression and lower CaSR expression than asymptomatic patients, with a progressive increase in CD1 and PTH and a decrease in CaSR and VDR mRNA from normal to asymptomatic to symptomatic cases. These findings suggest that differential gene expression contributes to the clinical heterogeneity of PHPT, although further studies with larger cohorts are needed to clarify the genetic basis of these differences.