Single-Dose Gentamicin vs Standard Care for Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis in Premenopausal Women: A Randomized Trial.

This article focuses on a randomized, open-label clinical trial comparing single-dose gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, to standard seven-day oral antibiotic treatment for acute uncomplicated cystitis in premenopausal, nitrite-positive women presenting to emergency departments. The study found that single-dose gentamicin resulted in significantly higher symptom resolution at both 7 days (83.3% vs. 48.1%) and 30 days (95.0% vs. 55.0%) compared to standard care, with fewer patients returning to healthcare providers at 30 days. Although injection site soreness was more common with gentamicin, it was transient and did not deter most patients, who expressed preference for this treatment due to its convenience and guaranteed compliance. The findings suggest that single-dose gentamicin may be an effective alternative for treating uncomplicated cystitis, especially in the context of rising antimicrobial resistance, but larger studies are needed to confirm these results.