Bond strength of denture teeth to denture bases in CAD/CAM-milled, printed, and conventional fabrication techniques.

This article investigates the bond strength between denture teeth and denture bases fabricated using different methods, including computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) milled, 3D-printed, and conventional autopolymerized techniques. The in vitro study tested 11 groups combining six types of teeth (milled, printed, prefabricated), five denture base materials (conventionally polymerized, milled, printed), and various adhesive protocols, measuring fracture forces and failure modes. Results showed that monolithic (monobloc) dentures milled from prepolymerized blocks exhibited the highest bond strength, while conventionally polymerized bases combined with prefabricated teeth also performed well; printed denture bases generally demonstrated lower and more variable bond strength regardless of tooth type. The study concludes that bond strength depends significantly on fabrication processes and recommends precise bonding protocols to optimize adhesion in digitally and conventionally fabricated dentures.