Earth's inner core might harbor volcanoes and landslides.

A recent study published in Nature Geoscience reveals that Earth's iron inner core, located more than 5000 kilometers beneath the surface, is dynamic and changing shape, with some areas rising and falling up to 1 kilometer within a few years. Seismic waves from earthquakes are used to study these changes, indicating that the inner core is not a regular sphere but a shifting structure with spots that deform over time. Scientists theorize that these deformations may be caused by melting and freezing of material at the core's boundary, iron bubbling to the surface, or gravitational forces affecting the core's shape. This research challenges the traditional view of the inner core as a static part of the planet, highlighting the need for continued study and data collection over decades to better understand Earth's complex interior. [Extracted from the article]