Utilization of GPS Data Loggers and GIS Analysis for the Evaluation of Interpretive Signage to Influence Visitor Travel Patterns and Enhance Wayfinding in Parks and Protected Areas.

This article examines the use of GPS data loggers combined with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analysis as an objective tool to evaluate the effectiveness of interpretive directional signage in influencing visitor travel patterns at Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve (TAPR) in Kansas. The study tested four signage treatments and found that while GPS tracking effectively revealed visitor concentrations, time allocation, and travel directionality, the signage did not consistently direct visitors to desired locations or increase time spent in targeted areas. The findings highlight the potential of GPS/GIS methods to inform park managers about visitor behaviors and optimize interpretive messaging and resource allocation, though signage design, placement, and visitor characteristics may affect outcomes. This approach offers a non-intrusive, data-driven means to assess and improve non-personal interpretation efforts in parks and protected areas.