Weathering energy geographies: Engineering meteorology in the North Atlantic.

This article examines the historical development of Engineering Meteorology—a field founded through collaborations between electrical engineers and meteorologists in the North Atlantic from the 1930s to 1960s—to integrate meteorological knowledge into the design, management, and expansion of electrical infrastructures. It highlights how weather knowledge became essential for forecasting electricity demand, siting power plants, and managing pollution, with these practices embedding social and environmental inequalities by directing pollution toward marginalized communities. The article situates this co-production of weather and energy systems within broader imperial, colonial, and gendered power dynamics, emphasizing how meteorological knowledge was shaped to serve industrial and economic interests. Drawing on decolonial and feminist perspectives, it proposes the concept of "weathering energy geographies" to explore the intertwined production of weather knowledge, energy infrastructures, and social relations, offering a critical framework for understanding past and present energy-weather-society entanglements.