Thermophoretic convection with catalytic chemical reaction in source region heat sink in plume: Exploring climate change dynamics in double stratified atmosphere.

This article investigates the effects of thermophoretic particles emitted during fossil fuel combustion, enhanced by catalytic chemical reactions, on a bi-stratified atmosphere characterized by thermal and thermophoretic layering, with implications for climate change. The study models three interconnected regions—the source, plume, and atmospheric zones—using non-dimensional mathematical formulations solved numerically via finite difference methods and Fortran programming. A key focus is the introduction of a heat sink in the plume region to reduce heat transfer rates and mitigate thermal impacts on the atmosphere. Results indicate that activation energy increases velocity, temperature, and particle concentration in the source region, while thermal and thermophoretic stratification in the atmosphere suppress vertical mixing, trapping heat and pollutants, thereby influencing climate dynamics. The findings underscore the role of thermophoretic particle transport and heat transfer in climate change and suggest that controlling combustion processes and implementing heat sinks can help reduce environmental impacts.