Can AI Generate Questions Aligned with Bloom's Taxonomy? A Framework for Gifted Education to Support Teachers.

This study examines the ability of artificial intelligence (AI) tools—specifically ChatGPT 4 and Google Bard (now Gemini)—to generate educational questions aligned with Bloom's Revised Taxonomy to support differentiated instruction in gifted education. Expert raters evaluated AI- and human-generated questions across math, science, and language arts, finding that AI-generated questions align well with lower-order thinking skills and show promising, though slightly less consistent, alignment with higher-order cognitive tasks, especially in science and language arts. While raters often could not distinguish AI-generated questions from human ones at lower cognitive levels, human-generated questions were more readily identified and generally superior in complexity at higher-order levels. The findings suggest AI can effectively assist educators by reducing workload and enhancing question generation but emphasize the necessity of human oversight and professional learning to ensure contextual relevance and cognitive depth, particularly for challenging gifted learners.