The Validation of the Student Homework Goal Orientation Scale.

This article focuses on validating the Student Homework Goal Orientation Scale (SHGOS), which measures five distinct goal orientations—mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, performance-avoidance, and work-avoidance—among middle school students in mathematics homework contexts. Using data from 597 Chinese students in Grades 7 and 9, confirmatory factor analyses supported the five-factor model with strong reliability and demonstrated invariance across gender and grade level. Mastery-approach orientation was associated with adaptive outcomes such as lower procrastination, higher homework interest, completion, emotion regulation, and mathematics achievement, while avoidance orientations, especially work-avoidance, correlated with maladaptive outcomes. The findings suggest that the SHGOS is a psychometrically sound tool for assessing students' homework motivation and can inform research on antecedents and consequences of homework goal orientations.