Study on shock wave load characteristics from condensed phase explosive detonations in deep-water explosions.

This article focuses on analyzing shock wave load characteristics from condensed phase explosive detonations in deep-water environments using a high-order compressible multiphase solver. The study validates the numerical method through comparisons with theoretical models and experimental data in both shallow and deep-water conditions, demonstrating good agreement in shock wave pressure histories and detonation wave propagation. Numerical simulations reveal that under identical water depths and distance-to-charge radius ratios, peak shock wave pressures from different explosive masses exhibit strong similarity, with deviations under 0.8%, and that peak pressures increase approximately 1% per 1000 m depth beyond 5000 m. Additionally, the similarity extends to pressure–time history curves, but existing theoretical formulas for shock wave positive pressure durations show significant discrepancies when applied to deep-water explosions. The findings provide important references for further research on underwater shock wave dynamics, while acknowledging that complex multiphase interactions in deep-water explosions remain challenging and warrant future investigation.