Decision Analysis to Advance Environmental Sustainability.

This article focuses on the application of decision analysis as a rigorous framework to address complex environmental sustainability and conservation challenges. It highlights how decision analysis can integrate multiple ecological, economic, social, and logistical objectives while accounting for uncertainty, stakeholder values, and resource constraints. The article presents five case studies demonstrating decision analysis applied to issues such as climate-smart agriculture, wildfire management, species translocation, endangered species prioritization, and collaborative fisheries management, all linked to several United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It also discusses future research directions, including incorporating diverse stakeholder values, integrating complementary decision-making tools, leveraging new technologies, securing funding, and improving implementation to advance sustainability outcomes.