Polymers from renewable resources: Sustainable adsorbents.

The article focuses on the development and application of sustainable adsorbents derived from renewable and waste materials within the framework of green chemistry and environmental sustainability (ES). It reviews various low-cost, nature-derived adsorbents—such as activated carbon from agricultural residues, biopolymers like starch and chitosan, earth minerals like zeolites, and advanced carbon nanomaterials—highlighting their advantages, limitations, and potential for large-scale industrial use. Emphasizing the circular economy (CE) and life cycle assessment (LCA) as key strategies, the article discusses challenges including economic feasibility, green synthesis methods, material reusability, scaling up from laboratory to industrial scale, and disposal of exhausted adsorbents. It also underscores the importance of innovative approaches for resource recovery and value-added product development to align adsorption technologies with sustainable development goals and climate commitments such as the Paris Agreement.