Architecture of Nature‐Based Smart City Introducing BaaS by Utilizing UAF.

Smart cities collaborate with various technological systems, including Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and drones, to fulfil the expectations of stakeholders and the needs of individuals and society. The use of such advanced technological systems may impose a burden on the natural environment, posing a risk to the sustainability of nature. We have already proposed the concept of biophilia as a service (BaaS) that is a service contributing to human well‐being and the sustainability of nature by emphasizing the relationship between humans and nature, promoting actions that safeguard nature, and collaborating with various organizations. In this paper, a smart, sustainable, and resilient city in harmony with nature is referred to as a nature‐based smart city (NBSC) and BaaS is introduced to NBSC. We define the architecture of NBSC introducing BaaS using the Unified Architecture Framework (UAF) and extract drivers, opportunities, and challenges of the NBSC. Requirements of BaaS for NBSC are derived from the goals and the capabilities. Also, the iterating operational processes of BaaS in the context of NBSC are described and defined. Furthermore, we discuss some findings from description of the architecture of NBSC introducing BaaS to promote the nature safeguard activity, and necessity to make a balance between human well‐being and sustainable natural environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]