Comics as a form of resistance: Black sense of place in Kindred: A Graphic Novel Adaptation.

This article analyzes *Kindred: A Graphic Novel Adaptation* (2017) by Damien Duffy and John Jennings, based on Octavia E. Butler’s 1979 Afrofuturist novel *Kindred*. It focuses on how the graphic novel uses the comics medium—through words, images, and spatial design—to evoke a "Black sense of place," a concept defined as the material and imaginative situating of Black historical and contemporary struggles shaped by trauma and resistance. The adaptation employs visual techniques such as counter-mapping, color symbolism, and thematic splash pages to represent the protagonist Dana’s traumatic experiences and acts of resistance within the oppressive geography of slavery. The graphic novel is positioned as a significant work of social justice that challenges dominant narratives by centering Black perspectives and histories in its portrayal of trauma and resilience.