Distribution and characterization of endophytic and rhizosphere bacteriome of below-ground tissues in Chinese fir plantation.

This article focuses on the spatial distribution and functional characterization of bacteriomes associated with Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) roots and rhizosphere soil, addressing challenges of nutrient deficiency and disease in plantations. Using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and bacterial isolation, the study found that Burkholderia–Caballeronia–Paraburkholderia genera were highly enriched in rhizosphere soil, while Pseudomonas was predominant in fine roots. Functional assays revealed that phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria were more abundant in fine roots, whereas bacteria with pathogen antagonism were enriched in thick roots. These findings highlight distinct microbial community structures and functional specializations in different root compartments, offering insights for potential applications of beneficial microbes to improve forestry sustainability.