Sudan Conflict Impact on the Horn of Africa Security.

This article focuses on the ongoing conflict in Sudan between the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) since April 2023, analyzing its causes, key actors, and security implications for the Horn of Africa. It highlights the involvement of regional and international powers—including Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Russia, the USA, China, and Israel—whose competing interests have complicated peace efforts. The conflict has exacerbated ethnic tensions, caused significant humanitarian crises including mass displacement and refugee flows, and threatens to destabilize neighboring countries through increased violence, economic disruption, and proxy rivalries. The study emphasizes the need for coordinated regional and international cooperation, particularly through the African Union and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), to address root causes and promote a sustainable peace under the principle of "an African solution to an African problem."