Maxillofacial Surgery in Ukraine During a War: Challenges and Perspectives—A National Survey.

This article focuses on the challenges and responses of the Ukrainian maxillofacial surgery system during the full-scale war following the Russian invasion in February 2022. A nationwide cross-sectional survey of 97 practicing maxillofacial surgeons revealed that the proportion treating blast and gunshot injuries rose from 43.4% to 86.6%, with many surgeons facing a lack of experience in managing severe war-related wounds, especially secondary reconstructions, and shortages of equipment, materials, and medications due to disrupted logistics. Despite these challenges, 79.4% of respondents reported receiving humanitarian aid and volunteer support, while international collaboration facilitated patient transfers to European clinics (29.9%), online consultations (45.4%), and direct surgical assistance by foreign volunteer surgeons (32%). The study highlights the adaptation of Ukraine's maxillofacial care amid wartime conditions and underscores the importance of resource support and professional cooperation.