Assessing green hydrogen potential and utilization for sustainable energy production in Serbia.

The article assesses the potential and utilization of green hydrogen—hydrogen produced via renewable energy sources such as solar and wind—in Serbia’s sustainable energy transition. It highlights Serbia’s substantial renewable energy technical potential, including over 24,000 MWp from photovoltaic systems and 10,750 MWp from wind power, which could enable green hydrogen production to increase from 1,915 tons in 2019 to an estimated 37,123 tons by 2040. The study examines applications of green hydrogen across sectors such as energy generation, transportation, industry, and storage, while identifying key challenges including high production costs, infrastructure limitations, storage and transport inefficiencies, and regulatory barriers. Despite these obstacles, Serbia’s strategic geographic position, existing industrial base, and research capabilities offer opportunities for advancing green hydrogen technologies, contingent on supportive policies, investments, and international cooperation. The findings contribute to understanding Serbia’s role in the broader global shift toward decarbonization and renewable energy integration.