Evaluation of cancer screening services provided for people living with HIV in Botswana, 2022–2023.

This article evaluates cancer screening services for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) receiving care in HIV clinics in Botswana, where screening guidelines exist only for cervical cancer. The study reviewed medical records of 1,000 adults initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 20 high-volume clinics and surveyed 57 health workers about their knowledge and practices. Findings revealed that only 38% of women were screened for cervical cancer, and 97.8% of PLHIV had no record of screening for any other cancers since ART initiation. Despite most clinics having resources for cervical cancer screening, few health workers were trained in screening practices, and routine physical examinations for cancer detection were infrequently performed. The study highlights the need for enhanced training of health workers, development and implementation of comprehensive cancer screening guidelines for PLHIV, and improved follow-up to reduce cancer-related morbidity and mortality in this population.