A Study on the Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence, Leadership Styles and Perceived Leadership Effectiveness in Bhutan.

This article examines the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI), leadership styles, and perceived leadership effectiveness among supervisors in Bhutanese financial institutions. Using quantitative methods with 265 participants from banks in Thimphu, Paro, and Phuentsholing, the study employed the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS) to measure EI and the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ5X) to assess transformational and transactional leadership styles. Findings indicate significant positive relationships between EI and both leadership styles, as well as between leadership styles and perceived leadership effectiveness. Emotional intelligence was found to partially mediate the effect of transactional leadership on effectiveness and fully mediate the effect of transformational leadership on effectiveness. The study highlights the need for further research across other sectors in Bhutan to generalize these findings and deepen understanding of EI's role in leadership.