How Veeries vary: Whole genome sequencing resolves genetic structure in a long-distance migratory bird.

This article focuses on the population genetic structure and phylogeography of the Veery (Catharus fuscescens), a long-distance migratory songbird with high dispersal ability. Using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of over 120 individuals sampled across the species' North American breeding range, the study found evidence of isolation by distance and identified three genetically distinct populations corresponding to the boreal region, western montane U.S., and southern Appalachian Mountains. Despite the Veery's high dispersal potential, strong breeding-site fidelity likely limits gene flow, allowing subtle genetic structure to persist. The research also showed no genetic signatures supporting historical glacial refugia in southern montane regions and demonstrated the potential to assign breeding origins to individuals sampled on the poorly understood South American nonbreeding grounds, highlighting the utility of genomic data for studying migratory connectivity in this species.