Synergetic Effect of Nb–V on Mechanical, Tribological and Corrosion Properties of AISI 603 Steel Produced via Powder Metallurgy.

AISI 603 steel is a low-carbon, nickel–chromium–molybdenum alloy commonly used in various industrial applications, including the automotive, aerospace, heavy machinery, oil and gas, defense and power generation industries, due to its high strength, toughness, wear resistance and heat treatability. These mechanical properties can be further enhanced by the addition of microalloying elements such as niobium (Nb) and vanadium (V). Although AISI 603 steel is typically produced by casting, the powder metallurgy (PM) method offers several advantages over traditional production techniques. In this study, AISI 603 steel was produced using PM and reinforced with Nb, V and an Nb–V combination. The microstructure, phase composition, corrosion behavior, density and hardness of the samples were analyzed. Additionally, tensile and wear tests were conducted at room temperature and 3 5 0 ∘ C. The results indicated that the addition of Nb positively impacted hardness and wear resistance compared to V, although it led to a more pronounced deterioration in corrosion resistance. The Nb–V-reinforced sample exhibited the highest tensile strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]