Gallium distribution between slag and metal phases during the carbothermal reduction of bauxite.

This article investigates the distribution and recoverability of gallium (Ga) during the carbothermal reduction of bauxite in the Pedersen process, an alternative alumina production method to the conventional Bayer process. Experimental results using inductively coupled plasma techniques show that nearly all Ga in bauxite transfers to the metal phase (pig iron) during carbothermal reduction at 1873 K, with negligible Ga remaining in the slag phase, consistent with thermodynamic predictions. The study highlights that for Ga recovery in the Pedersen process, it is necessary to develop methods to extract Ga from pig iron, as opposed to the Bayer process where Ga is recovered from alkaline leachates. This research supports reconsidering the Pedersen process under stricter environmental regulations and bauxite quality shortages, emphasizing the need for integrated Ga recovery from pig iron to enhance resource efficiency.