A male patient with Chlamydia peritonitis: Case report.

This article focuses on a rare presentation of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) caused by Chlamydia trachomatis in a male patient, highlighting the importance of recognizing this condition to enable timely diagnosis and treatment. It describes a 52-year-old man with lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis who developed peritonitis and reactive arthritis, initially presenting with fever, abdominal pain, and joint symptoms. Despite negative blood and urine cultures, rectal PCR confirmed the infection, and treatment with doxycycline led to full recovery. The report emphasizes that although Chlamydia trachomatis commonly causes urethritis in men, it can rarely cause peritonitis, especially in men who have sex with men (MSM), and recommends considering rectal swab PCR testing in patients with STI risk factors and unexplained peritonitis.