Incidence and Risk Factors of Hypomagnesemia in Patients With Bone Metastasis From Solid Malignancies Treated With Denosumab.

This article focuses on the incidence and risk factors of hypomagnesemia in patients with solid malignancies and bone metastases treated with denosumab (Dmab), a monoclonal antibody used to prevent skeletal-related events. A retrospective chart review of 153 patients at Loma Linda University Cancer Center found a 19% incidence of hypomagnesemia, predominantly among those receiving concurrent antineoplastic agents known to have a high risk of causing hypomagnesemia (≥15% incidence) or combined with nonantineoplastic drugs associated with magnesium depletion. Multivariate analysis identified three independent risk factors: use of high-hypomagnesemic antineoplastics, combined use of hypomagnesemic nonantineoplastics plus high-hypomagnesemic antineoplastics, and serum magnesium levels ≤ 0.85 mmol/L prior to Dmab administration. The study suggests that patients at risk may benefit from more frequent serum magnesium monitoring, although prospective studies are needed to establish optimal monitoring protocols.