Effects of cinnamon supplementation on metabolic biomarkers in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This article systematically reviews and meta-analyzes randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of cinnamon supplementation on metabolic biomarkers in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Including 28 RCTs with 3,054 participants, the analysis found that cinnamon, particularly in capsule form and at doses ≤2 g/day, significantly improved glycemic markers such as fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), as well as reduced body mass index (BMI) and certain lipid parameters (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides). Higher doses (>2 g/day) reduced aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels but did not affect other biomarkers. The study highlights the potential of cinnamon supplementation as an adjunct to standard DM2 treatment but calls for further large-scale, well-controlled trials to confirm these findings and clarify optimal dosing and safety.