How do the ethnicity minangkabau male express their masculinity in language: A identity point of view.

This article analyzes the linguistic features of masculinity in the novel *Tamu* by Weiran Hadi, set within the Minangkabau socio-cultural context, using Coates' concept of masculinity, which includes swearing and taboo language, commands and directives, and questioning. The study finds that male characters predominantly use direct, authoritative language, especially commands and directives, reflecting masculine traits of power and control, while swearing and taboo language appear less frequently to maintain social stability. In contrast to women’s more intuitive and emotionally nuanced communication, men’s language in the novel is characterized by minimal emotional investment and a focus on asserting dominance, illustrating gendered linguistic inequalities embedded in Minangkabau culture. This research highlights how language in literary works can reveal and reinforce cultural constructions of masculinity and gender dynamics.