JOURNAL ARTICLE

Enmity to Affinity and Beyond: Filipino Eternal Indebtedness.

  • Published In: Filipino American National Historical Society Journal, 2025, v. 13. P. 133 1 of 3

  • Database: America: History and Life with Full Text 2 of 3

  • Authored By: Rasing, Rustico 3 of 3

Abstract

The article examines the complex relationship between the Philippines and the United States, particularly focusing on the cultural concept of "utang na loob," which translates to "debt of the inside." This concept reflects a deep-seated sense of gratitude and obligation among Filipinos towards the U.S., especially following their independence in 1946. The author explores historical events, such as the Spanish-American War and World War II, and legislative acts like the Tydings-McDuffie Act, to illustrate how these factors contributed to a shift in Filipino sentiments from resentment to gratitude towards the U.S. The analysis highlights how cultural traditions influenced Filipino actions, including the choice to embrace U.S. nationality despite achieving independence. [Extracted from the article]

Additional Information

  • Source:Filipino American National Historical Society Journal. 2025/01, Vol. 13, p133
  • Document Type:Article
  • Subject Area:History
  • Publication Date:2025
  • ISSN:2994-5658
  • DOI:10.1353/fil.2025.a976738
  • Accession Number:190283707
  • Copyright Statement:Copyright of Filipino American National Historical Society Journal is the property of University of Hawai'i and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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