Dios y la Nación: The 1837 Revolt and the Maladministration of Mexican New Mexico.

This article analyzes the 1837 revolt in New Mexico, situating it within Mexico City's neglect of its northern territories after independence and the disruptive impact of U.S. commercial expansion. It argues that the uprising was less about federalist autonomy or separatism and more a rejection of maladministration under a "commercial order"—a coalition of wealthy nuevomexicanos, American traders, and officials focused on overland trade with the United States. This commercial order prioritized trade interests that fueled conflicts with Indigenous groups and undermined the subsistence economies of many nuevomexicanos, particularly in Río Arriba. The revolt united diverse ethnic groups in opposition to ineffective governance and was ultimately suppressed by a counterforce aiming to restore the commercial order. The event highlights the complexities of northern Mexican borderlands politics and economy amid shifting national and international pressures in the early nineteenth century.