A highly integrated three-axis vector diamond quantum magnetometer with a compact electrical package.

This article focuses on the development and integration of a fully packaged diamond quantum magnetometer (DQM) based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond for high-sensitivity magnetic field sensing. The device incorporates five key components—laser diode, diamond chip, microwave antenna, long pass filter, and photodiode—within a hermetically sealed, compact package (2.72 cm³), fabricated using standard microfabrication and micro-assembly techniques. The integrated magnetometer achieves a magnetic sensitivity of 2.25 nT·Hz⁻¹/² and utilizes the diamond’s crystallographic axes to simultaneously detect vector magnetic fields, enabling real-time vector field reconstruction with accuracy comparable to commercial fluxgate magnetometers. The design emphasizes efficient heat dissipation, low noise, and scalability for potential industrial and portable applications.