Athenian manikins at 1:24 scale.

The article focuses on the design and construction of 1:24-scale Athenian manikins created to model the rowing positions of oarsmen on the reconstructed trireme Olympias. Using archaeological data on average Athenian male height and anthropometric measurements from US Marine Corps personnel, the manikins were crafted from holly wood with steel joints designed to replicate human joint movement necessary for rowing strokes. The design includes three types of joints—rotational, single-degree, and ball joints—to achieve realistic articulation, and construction details ensure appropriate fit and range of motion. This work supports ergonomic studies of ancient trireme rowing and is documented through build logs and workshops available online.