Chinese “Yellow Peril” in 21st Century Canada.

Canada’s 1885 Royal Commission on Chinese Immigration did not end well for the Chinese. It resulted in four Chinese Immigration Acts. The last one was the 1923 Chinese Exclusion Act. Before the CPR (1885) and before Confederation (1867), Western thought was shaped by the racist justification to plunder China through a colonial dominating psychology, known as the “Yellow Peril.” Through Opium Wars, military occupations and unequal treaties, European supremacy over China felt complete. This White superiority grievously affected Chinese peasants who migrated to Canada to escape poverty. Today, China has risen from the “century of humiliation” to challenge the West for a place in the global economy and yet cannot escape Sinophobia. AntiAsian/Chinese hate has provoked “Yellow Peril 2.0.” In 2023, there are demands for a public inquiry on Chinese interference and influence, and a foreign agent registry. There is a direct connection between current events to those of a hundred years ago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]