JOURNAL ARTICLE

The Graces: The Extraordinary Untold Lives of Women at the Restoration Court.

  • Published In: History Today, 2025, v. 75, n. 8. P. 101 1 of 3

  • Database: Academic Search Ultimate 2 of 3

  • Authored By: Nicholson, Annalisa 3 of 3

Abstract

The article focuses on the life of Queen Mary of Modena, exploring her influence and activities during the Restoration Court in England. It highlights her tumultuous experience surrounding the birth of her son, James Edward Francis, which sparked the "Warming Pan Baby Scandal" and led to significant political upheaval, including the invasion of William of Orange. The text also details Maria's education, her marriage to James II, and her role as a patron of the arts, emphasizing her establishment of a cultural circle known as "the Graces," which fostered women's intellectual pursuits in a male-dominated society. Overall, the article presents a nuanced portrayal of Maria's character and her contributions to 17th-century cultural life. [Extracted from the article]

Additional Information

  • Source:History Today. 2025/08, Vol. 75, Issue 8, p101
  • Document Type:Article
  • Subject Area:History
  • Publication Date:2025
  • ISSN:0018-2753
  • Accession Number:186609699
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