DEEP-SPACE COMMUNICATION.

The Deep Space Network (DSN) is a network of giant radio antennae operated by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) that allows scientists to communicate with spacecraft in the Solar System and beyond. The DSN consists of 14 dish antennae spread across three stations in Australia, the United States, and Spain. These antennae use radio waves to transmit and receive instructions and information from spacecraft, although signals can take several hours to reach their targets due to the vastness of space. The DSN also provides valuable information about celestial objects and is not the only network of its kind, as the European Space Agency (ESA) has its own Deep Space Antenna (DSA) stations. Additionally, NASA is exploring the use of lasers for spacecraft communication through the Deep Space Optical Communications (DSOC) experiment. [Extracted from the article]