Transdisciplinary reflections on the occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1968: Didactic use of the protest song in social science education.

This article focuses on the development of a transdisciplinary analytical-interpretive model for the didactic use of Czechoslovak protest songs from 1968–1969 in social science education, particularly civic education. It situates these songs within the historical context of the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968, analyzing their lyrics and music to reveal themes of civic engagement, resistance, and political protest under authoritarian rule. The model integrates motivational, analytical, interpretive, and creative activities designed to foster pupils' historical consciousness, critical thinking, and civic attitudes by linking past events with contemporary social and political issues. Key protest songs by artists such as Karel Kryl and Marta Kubišová are examined for their symbolic language, musical structure, and didactic potential. The article emphasizes the role of protest songs as educational tools that combine historical knowledge with aesthetic experience to cultivate democratic values and active citizenship.